Ok, so you are trying to call a callback function which should indeed work like this. Wrap that class function to another function like this.
data_retry_timer = myArduino.arduino_timer.setInterval(PIN_DATA_SEND_RETRY_INTERVAL*1500, arduino_try_any_pending_server_updates);
void arduino_try_any_pending_server_updates()
{
myArduino.arduino_try_any_pending_server_updates();
}
This should work, I have not tested though.